{"id":10086,"date":"2023-11-10T09:44:33","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T09:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.president.gov.il\/?page_id=10086"},"modified":"2023-11-10T09:45:05","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T09:45:05","slug":"%d8%b1%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.president.gov.il\/ar\/%d8%b1%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644- \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 27 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1874.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647<\/strong>: 1949- 1952.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1934\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 60 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0648\u0641\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1942\u060c \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0651\u060c \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0652\u064a\u0650\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0652\u064a\u0650\u064a\u0641. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1949 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064f\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1937 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064f\u0651\u062b\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f.\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u062f.\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f.\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a 16 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 1948\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u0651\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u064a 17 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 1949\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u062f. \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 9 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1952. \u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0648\u0641\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f. \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644  <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1881 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0628 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064b\u0627 (\u0623\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a).\u0651 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u062a \u062f. \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1904. \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1920\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0648. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05e8 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1966 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0648\u0641\u0648\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 24 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1884.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1952- 1963.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 23 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1963.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a (\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0633) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1884 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0634\u064a (\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0633)\u060c  \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1906\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1907 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0647\u064e\u0634\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1909\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1912-1914. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a- \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1915\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0642. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646- \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0634\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 1948.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1910\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 “\u0647\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062f\u0648\u062a” (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a. \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1920-1927\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1927 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1944 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 1947 \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0642\u0650\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1949-1952\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a (\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644). \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062f. \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0650\u0646\u064e\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0636\u064f\u0645\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1963\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629. \u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1886. \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1908\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u062e \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631- \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a 16 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b- \u0632\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 24 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1963-1973.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 10 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 1974.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0632\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u064e\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0650\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0633. \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u064a\u0626\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0634\u0648\u0641. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0650\u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1905\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064e\u0634\u0650\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b- \u0632\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0627\u0645 1915\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0647\u064e\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0652\u0644\u0648\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 “\u062f\u0652\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u064e\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0650\u0644\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 25 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 (“\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05ea”, “\u05e2\u05dc \u05d0\u05d3\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea”) \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639- \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f \u0641\u064a 16 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 1916.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1973- 1978.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 30 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 2009.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u064e\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 (\u0643\u064e\u062a\u0634\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0643\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916.  \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 “\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0651\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1932 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064c\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1938\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0628 “\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629”. \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639- \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 <\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0631\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0634\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1939 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 (\u05d7\u05d9”\u05e9). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.  \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 1948\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645”\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629  \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0628\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0652\u062b\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062d “\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0639”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u064e\u062d \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0650\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 “\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0637”\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a 30 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 2009 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0648\u0641\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 (\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 “\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651” \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633- \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 9 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1921.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1978- 1983.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 6 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2015.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1921 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062d\u064e\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1670\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0650\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1884.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0650\u0632. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 – \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0646<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0631\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1952-1963 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1963-1965 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 “\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0650\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1965-1978\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0645\u064e\u0628\u0627\u064a. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u0651\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0628\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0645\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 “\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629”\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2015 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 94 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 (\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0650\u0632) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1936 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0631 \u0631\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627 (\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0651\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0651) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0648\u0646 “\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644”\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 “\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0646\u064a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644.  \u0641\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636. \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649. \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 57 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u2013 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 17 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1918.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1983-1993.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 17 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1997.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0622\u064a\u0632\u0650\u0643 \u0647\u064e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u2013 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0643\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1935\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 “\u0645\u0650\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0641” \u0648\u064e “\u062d\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646”\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629.  \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1938 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1942 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a”. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0644\u0631. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 “\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629”. \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 7 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.  \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064e\u0634 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 (\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643) \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c- \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0650\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 (\u0628\u0648\u062c\u064a)- \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0622\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1950- 1954\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 (1954- 1957)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 (1957-1959). \u0639\u0627\u0645 1959\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962\u060c \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 “\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0637” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 “\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0650\u0631”. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0626\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062b\u0651 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644”. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0630\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633). \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u062b\u0651 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0650\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a 10 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1975 (\u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0631) \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u064b\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1965\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a (1965)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 1981 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0651 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u062c\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646). \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 11 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064f\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0641\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0635 300\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0631\u064a\u062c\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c (\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1928 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0623\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u062e\u064e\u0651\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 1948.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1947\u060c \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (1958)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062c\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (“\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629”).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0650\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064e\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651 “\u0634\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0650\u0631” \u0648\u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a 10 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2022 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 97 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0639\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 – \u0639\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 15 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 1924.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 1993- 2000.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 24 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2005.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0632\u0650\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1924 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0650\u062d\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0644 (\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643) \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062e \u062f. \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0652\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629”. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1950 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0633 (\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 – \u0639\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 – \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0631 \/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f. \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0622\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1977 \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0634\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628-\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1980- 1984 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 “\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064e\u062f”\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u063a\u064e\u0651\u0631.  \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062e. \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0628\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0651\u0647. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1925. \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0641 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1950.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f- \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u061b \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629- \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0651. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646- \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 2000-2007. <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0632\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0643\u0650\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 “\u0634\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0631 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0627” \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 1951 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0650\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0623\u062e \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u060c \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646- \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 <\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0631 \/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u0644 (\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 24 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1977 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 11\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 12 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 13\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 14 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0632 2007\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u0651\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0623\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2011 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0650\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641. <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064815 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a 18 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 2016. <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u062e\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646. <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641- \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646
<\/strong>\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0650\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064e\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0645\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a- \u0628\u0652\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 “\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639- \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 2 \u0622\u0628 1923.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 2007-2014.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a 28 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2016.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\u064a) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1923 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0628 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629. \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1934 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064e\u064a “\u0628\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631” \u0648\u064e “\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0627”\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 “\u0628\u0650\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0646”. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0629”.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639- \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0645\/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 1945\u060c \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f: \u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 (\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0651)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 (\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0641).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 48 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 1995- 1997\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a 2003-2005. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a 12 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 (1984- 1986\u060c 1995- 1996)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0651\u0629 (1969)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627 (1970). \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (1974- 1977) \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a (“\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646”) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0646\u062f\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0651\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062b\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 “\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a” \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064e\u062f\u064e\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u064f\u0642\u0650\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646. \u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0650\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0650\u062d\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064e\u0642\u0652\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 14 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0648. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 1996\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 “\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0628\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1965 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a 15 \u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0632 2007 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651. \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 “\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 2008” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5000 \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 50 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648-\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0628\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0623\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u062d\u0650\u0651\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u064f\u0651\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0651\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a 28 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2016\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\t

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631- \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a 9 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1939.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647: 2007-2014. <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 (\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a) \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0622\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0647  \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631- \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1971 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0627\u0645 2003\u060c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 16. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u064417 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0641. \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0627\u0645 2009 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 18. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 19 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644 18. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 “\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0650\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629  \u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u064e\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629  \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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